1 Maccabees:Chapter 10

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1 Maccabees:Chapter 10

瑪加伯(上)	1 Maccabees
¹一百六十年，安提約古兒子亞歷山大厄丕法乃上去，佔領了仆托肋買，人民歡迎他在那裏為王。	¹In the year one hundred and sixty (152 B.C.), Alexander Epiphanes, son of Antiochus, sailed for Ptolemais and occupied it. He was well received and he began to reign.
²德默特琉王聽說這事，就集合大軍，去與他交戰。	²When Demetrius heard this, he assembled a very large army and marched out to fight him.
³同時，德默特琉致書約納堂，言辭溫和，且提高他的權位，	³At the same time, he sent a letter of friendship to Jonathan and offered him vast power,
⁴因為德默特琉說：「我們要趕快與他締結和好，免得他先與亞歷山大聯合，反抗我們，	⁴for Demetrius thought: "Let us make the first move in making peace with him before he makes peace with Alexander against us,
⁵又恐怕他還記念我們對他的兄弟及他的百姓所行的惡事。」	⁵remembering all the wrongs we have done to him, his brothers and his nation."
⁶於是，便將調集軍隊及準備軍械的權柄交給約納堂，將他看作自己的同盟，又下令將堡壘裏的人質，交還給他，	⁶So Demetrius authorized Jonathan to organize an army and manufacture arms; he named him his ally and ordered the release of the hostages who were in the Citadel of Jerusalem.
⁷約納堂來到耶路撒冷，當着百姓及住在堡壘裏的人面前，宣讀了這封書信。	⁷Jonathan went at once to Jerusalem and read the letter before all the people and those in the Citadel.
⁸堡壘裏的人一聽王給了他調集軍隊的權柄，都很害怕。	⁸They were afraid when they heard that the king had authorized Jonathan to organize a great army,
⁹他們便將人質交還給約納堂，約納堂再轉交給各人的父母。	⁹and they released the hostages to Jonathan who handed them back to their families.
¹⁰以後約納堂住在耶路撒冷，開始重修京城，使恢復舊觀。	¹⁰Jonathan resided in Jerusalem and began rebuilding and restoring the city.
¹¹他命令工人，用方石修築垣牆和熙雍山的四周，以作防禦；他們就這樣作了。	¹¹He commanded the builders to build the walls and the defenses of Mount Zion with hewn stones. And they did so.
¹²住在巴基德所修建的堡壘裏的外方人，都已逃走，	¹²Then all the foreigners who stayed in the fortresses built by Bacchides began to flee,
¹³各人都離開崗位，回到本國，	¹³each of them abandoning his post and returning to his own land.
¹⁴只在貝特族爾，還留下幾個背棄法律，不守誡命的人，因為那裏是避難藏身的地方。	¹⁴Only at Beth-zur did some who had abandoned the Law and the precepts remain, since this was like a place of refuge.
¹⁵那時，亞歷山大王聽到德默特琉允許給的約納堂的事，同時還有人將約納堂及他弟兄們的作戰，英勇事跡和遭遇的打擊等，給他述說了，	¹⁵King Alexander was informed of the promises Demetrius had made to Jonathan; he was also given an account of the battles and exploits of Jonathan and his brothers and the trials they had endured.
¹⁶就說：「難道我們還能找到這樣的一個人嗎？我們要使他作為我們的朋友，作我們的同盟！」	¹⁶So Alexander declared: "Shall we ever find another man like him? Let us make him our ally and friend."
¹⁷遂寫信給約納堂，信上說：	¹⁷And he wrote him a letter:
¹⁸「亞歷山大王祝約納堂兄安好！	¹⁸"King Alexander to our brother Jonathan, peace.
¹⁹聽說你是英勇有為之士，適合作我們的朋友。	¹⁹We have heard of you, that you are a valiant man and most worthy of our friendship.
²⁰現今我委任你作你百姓的大司祭，並稱你是是君王的朋友，──同時給他送來紫袍和金冠──願你關心我們的事，與我們保持友誼。」	²⁰Therefore, we now appoint you High Priest of your nation and bestow on you the title Friend of the King (he also sent him a purple robe and a golden crown). So we invite you to watch over our interests and maintain friendly relations with us."
²¹一百六十年七月帳棚節日，約納堂乃穿上聖服，調集軍隊，並準備了大批武器。	²¹This is why in the seventh month of the year one hundred and sixty (152 B.C.), on the occasion of the feast of Tabernacles, Jonathan put on the sacred vestments. He also recruited troops and manufactured a great quantity of arms.
²²德默特琉一聽說了這事，便憂悶地說：	²²When Demetrius heard what had happened, he was greatly displeased and said,
²³「我們怎麼竟讓亞歷山大在我們之先與猶太人結為友好，作為後盾？	²³"What have we done that Alexander is ahead of us in gaining the friendship of the Jews?
²⁴我也要用委婉的言辭，許以地位和禮品，給他們寫信，誘導他們也作我的助手。」	²⁴I will also write them kind words and promise them honor and gifts to win them to my side."
²⁵於是給猶太人寫了以下的信說：「德默特琉王祝猶太民族安好！	²⁵So he wrote to the Jews: "King Demetrius greets the Jewish nation.
²⁶由於你們持守以前與我們訂立的條約，保持了我們之間的友誼，沒有與我們的仇敵聯合，我們聽了很高興。	²⁶You have kept your agreement with us and have remained our friends, and have not joined our enemies. We have heard of it and so we rejoice.
²⁷現在，若你們繼續忠於我們，你們為我們作的一切，我們必破格還報：	²⁷Therefore, continue to be faithful and we will grant you privileges in return for all you do on our behalf.
²⁸給你們種種豁免，贈與你們各種禮品。	²⁸I will free the Jews from many taxes and grant them royal privileges and exemptions.
²⁹現在豁免你們全猶太人丁稅、鹽稅和王冠金。	²⁹From now on and forever, I now free all Jews from payment of tribute, salt dues and crown levies.
³⁰由猶太本地，及劃歸猶太的撒瑪黎雅和加里肋亞的三個地區，我所得出產的三分之一和樹上果實的一半，今日都一概豁免，由今日起直到永遠。	³⁰I give up from this day and henceforth the third of the harvest and half of the fruit of the trees which I have the right to exact from the region of Judea and the three districts annexed to it from Samaria and Galilee.
³¹耶路撒冷應是聖的，所以這城及其四郊，免交什一之物和賦稅。	³¹From this day on and for all time, Jerusalem shall be a Holy City and be free with all its territory, with the right to collect tithes and tributes.
³²對於耶路撒冷堡壘的權利，我也放棄，讓與大司祭，他可任意委任自己揀選的人，駐在那裏護守。	³²I also give up control of the Citadel of Jerusalem and turn it over to the High Priest that he may choose the men he wants to defend it.
³³凡從猶太地擄至我國的猶太人，我都恢復他們的自由，毫無代價，而且還豁免他們的賦稅和牲畜稅。	³³I grant freedom without ransom to all the captives taken from Judea into any part of my kingdom. I free everyone from the taxes they owe me for their livestock.
³⁴凡一切的節日、安息日、朔日、指定的慶日，以及各慶節前後三日，為住在我國內的一切猶太人，都成為享有特權與免役的日子：	³⁴All feasts, sabbaths, new moons, special days and the three holy days before and after a feast shall be days of exemption for all the Jews in my kingdom.
³⁵為一切事件，誰也無權干涉及騷擾他們中任何一人。	³⁵No one shall have the right to pursue or molest them for any motive whatsoever.
³⁶可招募三萬猶太人加入王家軍隊，所給軍餉，與一切王家軍隊同。	³⁶I also decree that they be accepted into the king's army to the number of thirty thousand Jews who shall receive the same salary as the rest of the king's forces.
³⁷從這些人中，抽調一部分，分駐在國王的主要堡壘裏；再由這些人中，選拔一部份，出任國家信託的職位；還可將自己的人派作他們的官員和將領，按照自己的法律行事，正如王從前在猶太地命令過一樣。	³⁷Some of them shall be stationed at the king's fortresses, and positions of trust shall be given to some of them; their officers shall be chosen from among themselves and they will live according to their laws as the king has prescribed in the land of Judea.
³⁸由撒瑪黎雅境內，劃歸猶太的三區，應與猶太合併為一，全受一人統治，除大司祭外，不應聽從別人。	³⁸The three districts of Samaria annexed to Judea shall be considered part of Jewish territory; to avoid any conflict of power, these shall be subject to no authority other than that of the High Priest.
³⁹我將仆托肋買及其所屬，贈予耶路撒冷的聖所，其收入作為聖所需要的經費。	³⁹I give the city of Ptolemais and its territory as a gift to the temple of Jerusalem to cover the expenses of public worship.
⁴⁰我每年由豐富之地納入王庫的銀錢，撥出一萬五千『協刻耳』。	⁴⁰Henceforth, I will give fifteen thousand pieces of silver annually for the maintenance of the temple which shall be taken from the royal revenues from appropriate places.
⁴¹凡前幾年，官員們所沒有繳納的銀錢，從現在起，他們都得交還，以作聖殿的經費。	⁴¹Moreover, I give all that should have been paid to me by the administrators in previous years.
⁴²此外，每年由聖所的收入內，徵收的五千銀錢也一概豁免，因為這筆錢，應歸那些盡聖職的司祭所有。	⁴²In addition, I also remit the five thousand pieces of silver levied every year from the tributes to the temple, and give them to the priests in charge of public worship.
⁴³凡到耶路撒冷聖殿，或殿院內逃避國債與私債的，都一律赦免；至於他在我國內的一切所有，仍歸他所有。	⁴³Anyone who takes refuge in the temple of Jerusalem or in any of its enclosures because of his debt on royal taxes or because of any other debt, shall not be disturbed and his possessions anywhere in my kingdom shall be duly protected.
⁴⁴為建築及修理聖所的工程，花費也由王庫支付。	⁴⁴Finally, the cost of rebuilding or restoring the sanctuary shall be passed on to the king's account,
⁴⁵凡為修築耶路撒冷的城牆，及其四周的堡壘，以及猶太各地的城牆，所用的經費，都由王庫支付。」	⁴⁵as well as the expenses of reconstructing the walls of Jerusalem, the fortification of its defenses and the construction of the walls in the cities of Judea."
⁴⁶約納堂與百姓聽了這些話，既不相信，也不接受，因為都還記得：他加給以色列的一切災難，及怎樣虐待了他們。	⁴⁶When Jonathan and the people heard such proposals, they did not believe or accept them, for they remembered the great wrongs Demetrius had done to Israel and the ill-treatment to which he had subjected them.
⁴⁷何況亞歷山大首先與他們和談，於是他們擁護他，與他永結同盟。	⁴⁷They decided in favor of Alexander, for he was the first to propose peace, and they became his faithful allies.
⁴⁸那時，亞歷山大王集合大軍，出發攻打德默特琉。	⁴⁸King Alexander assembled a great army and encamped opposite Demetrius.
⁴⁹兩王互相交鋒，亞歷山大的軍隊敗退，德默特琉追趕，大獲勝利。	⁴⁹The two kings met in battle and the army of Demetrius was routed. Alexander pursued him until Demetrius was defeated.
⁵⁰但亞歷山大仍繼續苦戰，直到日落，德默特琉竟在這天陣亡。	⁵⁰The battle lasted until sunset, and on that day Demetrius died.
⁵¹亞歷山大於是派遣使者，到埃及王仆托肋米前，這樣說：	⁵¹Then Alexander sent messengers to Ptolemy the king of Egypt with the following message:
⁵²「自從我回到祖國，便坐上了我祖先的寶座，我戰勝德默特琉，得掌握主權，且佔據我們的土地。──	⁵²"I am now again in my kingdom and have assumed power after defeating Demetrius and all his army.
⁵³原來我與他宣戰，打敗他和他的軍隊，就坐上他的王位；──	⁵³Now I occupy the throne of my fathers as master of all the land. Let us be friends.
⁵⁴現在，讓我們彼此結好，請將女兒嫁給我為妻，我做你的女婿，且將相稱於你的禮物，送給你和她。」	⁵⁴Give me your daughter in marriage, and I will become your son-in-law, and I will give you, and her, gifts worthy of you."
⁵⁵仆托肋米王回答說：「你回歸祖國，登上你祖先王位的那一天，真是個好日子！	⁵⁵King Ptolemy replied as follows: "Blessed be the day when you returned to the land of your fathers and ascended to their throne!
⁵⁶如今我要按你所寫的實行，可是請你親到仆托肋買，我們好彼此會面，我要按你說的，使你作我的女婿。」	⁵⁶I will without delay do for you as you have proposed. But meet me in Ptolemais. There we shall see one another and I will receive you as my son-in-law as you have requested."
⁵⁷一百六十二年，仆托肋米和他的女兒克婁帕達，離開埃及，來到仆托肋買。	⁵⁷Ptolemy left Egypt with his daughter Cleopatra in the year one hundred and sixty-two, and arrived at Ptolemais.
⁵⁸亞歷山大王來歡迎他，他就把女兒克婁帕達給亞歷山大為妻，並在仆托肋買，按王禮隆重的舉行了婚禮。	⁵⁸Alexander went to meet him, and Ptolemy gave him his daughter Cleopatra, and celebrated her wedding with great splendor as kings do.
⁵⁹那時，亞歷山大王也給約納堂寫信，請他來與自己會面。	⁵⁹King Alexander also wrote to Jonathan to come and meet him.
⁶⁰約納堂便堂堂正正地來到了仆托肋買，與二王會面，也給他們和他們的朋友，送來金銀並許多禮品，深得他們的歡心。	⁶⁰So Jonathan went to Ptolemais with great pomp and met the two kings. Then he gave them and their Friends much silver and gold and many other gifts.
⁶¹那時，以色列有些歹徒，即違背法律人，聚集起來控告他，無如國王置之不理，	⁶¹The renegades, the pest of Israel, gathered together to accuse Jonathan, but the king paid no attention to them.
⁶²王反命人脫去約納堂的衣服，給他穿上紫袍。人就照樣作了。	⁶²The king even gave orders that Jonathan remove his garment and be clothed in purple and it was done.
⁶³王又叫他坐在自己身邊，向官員說：「你們陪着他往城裏去，宣佈說：無論因為什麼事，不得控告他；在一切事上，不得干擾他。」	⁶³The king also seated him by his side, and said to his captains: "Go with him into the center of the city and proclaim that no one is to accuse Jonathan under any pretext, and no one is to molest him for any reason."
⁶⁴那時，控告他的人，一見他身披紫袍，享受的光榮如所宣佈的一樣，就都逃走了。	⁶⁴When his accusers saw the public honor given to Jonathan and that he was clothed in purple, they all fled.
⁶⁵國王為光榮他，又將他列入一等朋友中，並且封他為統帥，為總督。	⁶⁵The king did him great honor and enrolled him among his first Friends, and appointed him general and governor.
⁶⁶約納堂然後平安回到耶路撒冷，非常喜歡。	⁶⁶So Jonathan returned to Jerusalem happy and secure.
⁶⁷一百六十五年，德默特琉的兒子德默特琉，由克里特回到祖國。	⁶⁷In the year one hundred and sixty-five (147 B.C.), Demetrius the son of Demetrius, returned from Crete to the land of his fathers.
⁶⁸亞歷山大王聽說這消息，很是憂愁，就回到安提約基雅去。	⁶⁸When King Alexander heard of it, he was so greatly disturbed that he returned to Antioch.
⁶⁹德默特琉立阿頗羅尼為切肋敘利亞總督。阿頗羅尼遂集合大軍，在雅木尼雅紮營，且派人去見大司祭約納堂說：	⁶⁹Demetrius took his general Apollonius, the governor of Coele-Syria, who assembled a large force. He encamped at Jamnia and sent the following message to Jonathan, the high priest:
⁷⁰「只有你起來攻擊我們，因為你的緣故，我為人恥笑，受人非難，你為什麼在山上向我們示威呢？	⁷⁰"Are you the only one who resists our authority? And am I to be ridiculed because of you? Why do you stand against our authority in your mountains?
⁷¹所以現在，如果你仗恃兵力，就請下到平原，到我們這裏，彼此較量一下，因為我有許多城池可倚恃。	⁷¹If you have confidence in your forces, come down to the plain and let us measure each other's strength there, for I have with me the army of the cities.
⁷²你要查詢一下我是誰，其他作我們後盾又是誰。人都說，你們決不能抵抗我們，因為你的祖先，曾在自己的土地上，逃跑過兩次。	⁷²Inquire and find out who I am and who are those who support me. Men will tell you that you cannot resist us, for your fathers were twice defeated on their own land.
⁷³現在這平原裏沒有石頭，也沒有磐石，更沒有逃避的地方，你決不能抵抗騎兵，和這麼多的軍隊。」	⁷³Nor will you be able to withstand the cavalry and so great an army on the plain, where there are no stones or rocks offering a refuge."
⁷⁴約納堂一聽阿頗羅尼的這些話，勃然大怒，挑選了一萬人，從耶路撒冷出發，他哥哥息孟也與他會合，給他助戰。	⁷⁴When Jonathan heard Apollonius' message, he was greatly aroused. So he left Jerusalem with ten thousand picked men, and his brother Simon came to his help.
⁷⁵他便在約培對面紮了營。城裏的人關了城門，因為約培城內有阿頗羅尼的軍隊。猶太人於是攻城，	⁷⁵They encamped near Joppa, but the inhabitants of the city closed the gates to them, as Apollonius had a garrison there.
⁷⁶城中人心裏害怕，就開了門，約納堂遂佔領了約培。	⁷⁶So Jonathan gave the order to attack. The people in the city were so afraid that they opened the gates to him, and Jonathan occupied Joppa.
⁷⁷阿頗羅尼聽說這事，遂即動員三千騎兵，一隊龐大的步兵，假作過路的樣式，向阿左托進發，卻突然開往平原，因為那裏有他所依仗的一大隊騎兵。	⁷⁷When Apollonius learned of it, he mobilized three thousand cavalry and a large army. Then he set out towards Azotus, pretending to march through the land, but in fact his troops were spreading out in the direction of the plain, since he had a great number of cavalry on which he relied.
⁷⁸那時，約納堂尾隨阿頗羅尼，也趕到阿左托，雙方軍隊於是交鋒，	⁷⁸Jonathan pursued him towards Azotus and they began to fight.
⁷⁹阿頗羅尼曾留下一千騎兵，在他們背後埋伏。	⁷⁹Apollonius had left a thousand picked horsemen hidden behind Jonathan,
⁸⁰約納堂也知道自己背後有埋伏；軍隊遂被包圍，從早到晚，受敵箭射擊。	⁸⁰but Jonathan was informed of the ambush. The horsemen surrounded Jonathan's men and shot their arrows from morning till evening.
⁸¹但軍人遵從約納堂的命令，堅持不動，敵人的戰馬終於疲乏。	⁸¹But the Israelites faced them as Jonathan had commanded until the horses of the enemy tired. Once the cavalry were exhausted,
⁸²息孟於是引軍隊出擊，加入陣線，敵軍終因騎兵都已疲憊，大敗逃走。	⁸²Simon and his men advanced and attacked the infantry. The enemy was defeated and fled.
⁸³騎兵在平原裏四散奔逃，逃到阿左托，進入他們的達貢廟逃命。	⁸³The cavalry scattered over the plain and those who fled went to Azotus, where they entered the temple of Dagon, their idol, to save their lives.
⁸⁴但是，約納堂焚毀了阿左托及其四周村鎮，得了其中的戰利品，又將達貢廟和逃到裏面的人，都放火燒了。	⁸⁴But Jonathan set fire to Azotus and the surrounding towns, and plundered them. He also burned down the temple of Dagon with all who had taken refuge in it.
⁸⁵這次死在刀下和燒死的，約有八千人。	⁸⁵There were about eight thousand men who either fell by the sword or were burned to death.
⁸⁶約納堂離開那裏，又在阿市刻隆紮營，城裏的人都出來熱烈地歡迎他。	⁸⁶Jonathan then left for Askalon where the inhabitants received him with great honor.
⁸⁷約納堂然後率領部下，帶着許多戰利品，回了耶路撒冷。	⁸⁷From there, Jonathan and his men returned to Jerusalem laden with booty.
⁸⁸亞歷山大王一聽說這事，就更加光榮約納堂：	⁸⁸When King Alexander heard what had happened, he bestowed new honors on Jonathan.
⁸⁹就是將按習慣應賜給君王貴戚的金釦，送給他；並且還將厄刻龍及其屬地，賜給他作為產業。	⁸⁹He sent him a golden brooch which is usually given to the kinsmen of kings. He also gave him Ekron and all its territory as his possession.

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